The Austrian 3 Kronen Hermes stamp, issued in 1920 (Mi.Nr. 316), represents a fascinating intersection of philatelic history, artistic design, and the tumultuous political landscape of post-World War I Austria. This article will explore this specific stamp in detail, examining its design, historical context, its place within the broader context of 1916 and 1920s Austrian stamps, and the factors that contribute to its collector value, particularly focusing on examples described as "Very Fine!!!"
The Design and Iconography of the 3 Kronen Hermes:
The 3 Kronen Hermes stamp immediately captivates with its striking design. Dominating the stamp is a depiction of Hermes, the Greek messenger god, often associated with swiftness, commerce, and communication – fitting symbols for a postal service. Hermes is portrayed in classical style, typically winged and carrying his caduceus, the winged staff associated with medicine and trade. The specific artistic rendition on this stamp varies slightly depending on the printing plate, but generally maintains the core elements of a dignified and somewhat idealized Hermes figure.
The numerals "3" and "Kronen" are prominently displayed, clearly indicating the stamp's face value. The text "REPUBLIK ÖSTERREICH" (Republic of Austria) is also incorporated into the design, highlighting the newly established republic after the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The year of issue, 1920, is usually less prominent but present within the design elements.
The overall aesthetic is one of classical elegance, even amidst the economic and political uncertainties of the time. The choice of Hermes as a central figure reflects a conscious effort to project an image of stability and progress, even as the nation grappled with the aftermath of war and the challenges of establishing a new republic. The design is relatively uncluttered, allowing the central figure of Hermes to command attention. This simplicity, combined with the classic artistic style, contributes to the stamp's enduring appeal among collectors.
Historical Context: Austria in 1916 and the 1920s:
To fully appreciate the 3 Kronen Hermes stamp, we must understand the historical context of its issuance. The year 1916 saw Austria-Hungary deeply embroiled in World War I. The empire was facing increasing internal dissent and severe economic strain. The stamps issued during this period often reflected the war effort, featuring patriotic imagery and military themes. These 1916 stamps provide a stark contrast to the 1920 issue.
The transition from the Austro-Hungarian Empire to the First Austrian Republic was a tumultuous period. The empire's collapse brought about significant political and economic upheaval. The newly formed republic faced immense challenges, including hyperinflation, social unrest, and the ongoing process of defining its national identity. The 1920s in Austria were characterized by instability, with several shifts in government and ongoing economic struggles.
The issuance of the 3 Kronen Hermes stamp in 1920 can be viewed as an attempt to project an image of stability and continuity amidst this chaos. The choice of Hermes, a symbol of communication and trade, suggests a desire to re-establish Austria's place in the international community and to revitalize its economy. The design's classical elegance contrasts with the harsh realities of the time, perhaps reflecting a hope for a return to a more stable and prosperous future.
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